general_pathology:environmental:toxic_and_environmental_diseases_74
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Which trace element is essential for the synthesis of melanin?
Explanation
Melanin is biosynthesized from tyrosine in the melanosomes (organelles) of cells called melanocytes, and three enzymes, namely tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase‐related protein 1 (TYR1) and tyrosinase‐related protein 2 (TYR2), are involved in the biosynthetic process. Non‐expression of TYR causes albinism, whereas non‐expression of TYR1 leads to a brownish body/hair color. https://sj.jst.go.jp/news/202306/n0614-02k.html
Tyrosinase is a copper dependent enzyme (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459156/)
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